Penelusuran Transformasi Pertumbuhan Lahan Terbangun Selama Dua Dekade (Tahun 2004-2024) di Kota Pekanbaru, Provinsi Riau
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Perkembangan wilayah dengan meningkatnya lahan terbangun sering kali dijadikan sebagai indikator penting dalam memahami dinamika urbanisasi dan perubahan tata guna lahan, khususnya di kawasan perkotaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dinamika pertumbuhan lahan terbangun selama dua dekade yaitu periode 2004 hingga 2024 dengan memanfaatkan teknologi penginderaan jauh melalui algoritma Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI). Data penelitian berasal dari citra satelit Landsat 5 TM (tahun 2004, 2008, dan 2012) dan Landsat 8 OLI-TIRS (tahun 2016, 2020, dan 2024), yang pengolahannya melalui platform Google Earth Engine (GEE) dan software sistem informasi geografis. Nilai NDBI dihitung untuk setiap periode pengamatan sebagai mengidentifikasi wilayah terbangun secara spasial dan temporal. Hasil analisis menunjukkan adanya peningkatan signifikan wilayah terbangun dari 2004 hingga 2024 mencapai 26.355,55 hektar atau 17,52%. Peningkatan ini terutama terjadi di kawasan pinggiran kota yang mengalami pertumbuhan penduduk dan pembangunan infrastruktur. Transformasi penggunaan lahan tersebut berdampak pada berkurangnya ruang terbuka hijau serta potensi risiko lingkungan perkotaan. Penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya pemantauan spasial berkala sebagai dasar perumusan kebijakan tata ruang yang berkelanjutan. Pendekatan ini terbukti sebagai salah satu transformasi yang efektif dan efisien dalam mendeteksi serta memvisualisasikan pola pertumbuhan lahan terbangun, sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai data tambahan dalam perencanaan kota yang lebih adaptif dan responsif terhadap dinamika perkotaan.
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